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Incredible India
"Mother, I salute thee!
Rich with thy hurrying streams,
bright with orchard gleams,
Cool with thy winds of delight,
Green fields waving Mother of might,
Mother free."
- Transliterated from Vande Mataram by Sri Aurobindo
(original in Sanskrit & Bengali by Sri Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay)
The word "India" was coined by the British. It is simply the Western translation of the Sanskrit word "Sindhu". Indians are considered to have evolved from Sindhu culture & tradition. The name “India” refers to the Indus river of today. India is the country of joy, prosperity and unity in diversity. With marvelous natural beauty, dense greens, golden sands, white peaks, exotic flora & fauna, musical water streams, numerous religions, and hundreds of languages, India is a unique nation in each perspective. Our cultural heritage and traditions are the most important factors that distinguish us from the rest of the world.
Geography & Climate
The seventh largest country by geographical area, India is surrounded by Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean and Bay Of Bengal in the west, south & east respectively. India's geographical pattern is full of diversity. Starting with Kashmir in extreme north, you can visit the Himalayas, the widest range of mountains in the world. The high peaks are covered with pure white snow. Just below the Himalayas flows the holy Ganges (river Ganga) which has its mythological values too.
The western part is well known as the desert area. Golden sands spread for miles. Days are extremely hot and nights are cold. Vegetation is moderate here. As you move towards the central area, you will find green fields & plains as well as plateaus. A major part of central India is covered with dense forests. Eastern India has a diverse population of tribes. You can find dense evergreen forests here. Vegetation and flora is thick in this region. In the south, you will find dense forests, palms, coconuts, lakes, lagoons, rivers and backwaters.
India comprises of hundreds of rivers and lakes, mountainous ranges, forests and plains. Each of them is known for its diversified climate and weather. Apart from this geographical diversity, India enjoys a total of four major seasons yearly: winter (shishir), summer (greeshm), monsoon (varsha) and post-monsoon (sharad).
Tradition & Culture
Each of the 28 states and 7 union territories of India has its own distinctive culture. While visiting India, you will notice diversity in costumes as well. In Jammu and Kashmir, people wear a thick loose shirt called a phiran while in the tropical south India, men wear a sarong like garment called the mundu. Women wear a 5 meters of colourful cloth, saree (the national dress of Indian women), draped around their bodies. In western areas like Rajasthan and Gujarat, men wrap a cloth in the form of a dhoti around their lower limbs and a shirt-like kurta above. Colourful turbans are their identities. Women, there, wear a pleated skirt known as the ghagra or lehanga and cover their head with dupatta or odhni. The tribes in north-eastern regions like Khasis, Nagas, Mizos, Manipuris and Arunachalis wear colorful woven sarong-like clothing and shawls. In central and upper-central states, women wear the salwar kameez and the churidar kameez or sarees and men wear shirts-trousers or kurta-pajamas or a sherwani for formal wear.
India is a secular country with a majority of the population following Hinduism. Other religions practiced are Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhidm, Jainism, Zoroastriyanism and Judaism. Comprising of so many religions, India celebrates hundreds of colourful and musical festivals like Diwali, Holi, Eid ul-Fitr, Bakr-Id, Thai Pongal, Onam, Vijayadashami, Durga Puja, Christmas, Buddha Jayanti and Vaisakhi.
One also notices linguistic diversity across the country with each state having a different official language. India has around 114 languages, 216 mother tongues, 18 scheduled languages and 96 not specified in the schedule languages. Some of the major languages spoken are Hindi, Sanskrit, English, Urdu, Punjabi, Marwadi, Bhojpuri, Malayalam, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Bangla, Kashmiri, Kumauni, Gujarati.
Diversity In Flora & Fauna
Geographically India is divided into deserts, high mountains, highlands, tropical forests, temperate forests, swamplands, plains, grasslands, riverine areas and islands. Each area has a distinctive climate and weather. Undoubtedly, the flora and fauna species of each state differ from each other.
Economy
Earlier, famous as the “Golden Bird”, India is among the fastest growing economies in the world. We are rich in agricultural crops like spices, rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane and potatoes. Apart from the crops, gold & diamond, automobiles, cement, chemicals, consumer electronics, food processing, machinery, mining, petroleum, pharmaceuticals, steel and textile industry play a vital role in the India economy. India's natural resources comprise of bauxite, chromite, coal, diamonds, iron ore, limestone, manganese, mica, natural gas, petroleum and titanium.
Historical Monuments
India has witnessed several kingdoms in its history. Every dynasty tried to establish its long-lasting image through buildings, forts and other monuments. As a result, India is rich in historical monuments. Tourists from all over the world come to India to visit places like the Taj Mahal, Lal Quila, Qutub Minar, Ajanta-Ellora Caves, Buland Darwaza, Gateway Of India, Old Fort, Hawa Mahal, Jal Mahal, Mysore Palace, Lake Palace, Khajuraho Temples, Jantar Mantar and so on.
India is a land of folk dance and music. Kathakali, Mohiniyattam, Bharatnattyam, Kathak and Kuchipudi are world famous folk dance styles. After the African continent, India is considered the second most culturally, linguistically and genetically diverse place. Visit India to visit paradise on earth...where the soul meets the perfection. |
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